IP Address

A unique address mostly used by computer to communicate over a network that uses IP as its basic protocol is known as IP address is a unique number assigned to any device operating on a network, for example, computer, router, Printer Internet, Fax machine hence, an IP address is used to identify the devices in a network.

For example, IP address is 1100000.10101000.00101010.00000001 in binary format but generally we denote in dotted decimal i.e. 192.168.42.1, each of the decimal numbers in an IP address is called an octet. So, for the IP address 192.168.42.1, the first octet is 192, the second octet is 168 and so on. The range of decimal numbers in each octet varies is from 0 to 255.

Generally, we do not assign an IP address to a computer rather we assign it for the interface i.e. the Network Interface Card (NIC). So, if you have two NICs in your computer then you have to assign two IP addresses for both NICs to communicate to the same or two different networks.  Figure is given.

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